Based on input from stakeholders and reviews of fusion technologies, in January 2023 the NRC staff submitted to the Commission three proposals for regulating fusion energy systems.Īlready, Commissioner Annie Caputo has expressed her views and approved a modified version of one of the three regulatory options. Over the last two years, the NRC staff has been working to assess the risks from different fusion technologies and the possible approaches to regulating them. In 2019, Congress directed the NRC to develop a regulatory framework for advanced reactors, including fusion reactors. The US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has been monitoring fusion energy developments for several years. This scientific breakthrough-the first time that a fusion reaction produced more energy than was used to start the reaction-means that we are one step closer to being able to harness the power of the stars to generate carbon-free electricity with far less radioactive waste than nuclear fission. The scientific community is abuzz about a recent announcement that Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory scientists achieved the first energy breakeven from a fusion reaction. ![]() Chernobyl and Fukushima are two examples of nuclear accidents that have caused catastrophic damage.Fusion energy is hot. This could cause serious health problems for people living nearby. If a nuclear fission reactor goes out of control, it could release a lot of radiation into the environment. However, the radioactive materials used in nuclear fission reactors are less dangerous than those used in nuclear fusion reactors. Nuclear fission reactions are also difficult to control. This could cause a massive explosion and potentially damage the environment. If a nuclear fusion reaction goes out of control, it could release a huge amount of energy all at once. Nuclear fusion reactions are challenging to control and require extremely high temperatures. However, if there is an accident, nuclear fusion reactions have the potential to be more destructive than nuclear fission reactions. Nuclear fusion and nuclear fission are both safe when used correctly. The average cost of building a new nuclear fission reactor in the United States is about $9 billion. Nuclear fission reactors are also very expensive to build. However, it is estimated that it will be many billions of dollars. No one knows exactly how much it may cost to build a commercial nuclear fusion reactor. The difference is that nuclear fusion is still in development and has not yet been commercialized, while nuclear fission is operational today. The cost of nuclear fusion and nuclear fission are both very expensive.
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